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READ THIS FIRST
INSTALLATION GUIDE
WD1007V-SE1/SE2<R>
Winchester/Floppy Disk Controller
JANUARY 1989
COPYRIGHT 1989 WESTERN DIGITAL CORPORATION
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Information furnished by Western Digital Corporation is believed to be accurate
and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Western Digital
Corporation for its use; nor for any infringements of patents or other rights
of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by
implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Western Digital
Corporation. Western Digital Corporation reserves the right to change
specifications at any time without notice.
Document Control No. 79-000362
Western Digital
2445 McCabe Way
Irvine, CA 92714
(800) 847-6181 (714) 863-0102
FAX (714) 660-4909 TLX 910-595-1139
Technical Support: (800) 777-4787
WD0023S 1/89 10M
Radio Frequency Interference Statement
This Western Digital product has been certified to comply with the limits for a
Class B computing device pursuant to subpart J of Part 15 of FCC rules. This
does not guarantee that interference will not occur in individual
installations. Western Digital is not responsible for any television, radio, or
other interference caused by unauthorized modifications of this product.
If interference problems do occur, please consult the system equipment owner's
manual for suggestions. Some of these suggestions include relocation of the
computer system away from the television or radio or placing the computer AC
power connection on a different circuit or outlet.
This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise for
digital apparatus set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian
Department of Communications.
Trademarks used in this text: IBM, AT, and Personal Computer AT are registered
trademarks of International Business Machines. Xenix and MS-DOS are registered
trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. NetWare and CompSurf are registered
trademarks of Novell Incorporated.
*****************************************************************************
INTRODUCTION
*****************************************************************************
The WD1007V-SE2 Winchester/Floppy Disk Controller module interfaces two ESDI-
compatible fixed disk drives and two floppy disk drives (5.25 or 3.5 inch) to a
PC-AT system processor. The WD1007V-SE1 is a fixed drive only version of the
module. An optional BIOS ROM provides parameter tables, low-level formatting,
surface analysis and defect management routines to fully integrate ESDI drive
capabilities into your system.
This document describes installation of the WD1007V-SE1/SE2
Winchester/Floppy Disk Controller in the IBM Personal Computer AT. If you have
an AT compatible, refer to your system manuals or contact your dealer for more
information concerning installation of the WD1007V-SE1/SE2.
The following is a summary of the steps you will take to configure and install
your controller board for use with your hard disk drive(s) and floppy drive(s).
1. Gather together necessary equipment and software
2. Unpack and inspect controller board
3. Configure and install hardware
4. Setup utilities
5. Format the hard drive
6. Check installation
1
PRELIMINARY STEPS
This section describes steps you must take before installing the WD1007V
controller in your system.
GATHER SUPPLIES
Make sure you have all the necessary equipment and software for installation of
the WD1007V controller and configuration of your drive(s).
screwdriver
WD1007V-SE1 (Hard drive only controller) or WD1007V-SE2
(Hard drive and floppy controller)
One 34-pin control cable (daisy-chained, if installing two
hard drives)
One 20-pin data cable (two cables, if you are installing
two hard drives)
One 34-pin floppy cable (daisy-chained, if you are installing
two floppy drives)
IBM PC-AT or compatible system with a maximum of two ESDI hard drives or a
maximum of two ESDI hard drives and two floppy drives
MS-DOS version 3.3, Xenix, NetWare or other operating systems that provide disk
partitioning
Western Digital's WDFMT 2.10 for low-level formatting, if you do not have the
optional WD1007V BIOS ROM
**************************************************************************
BASIC INPUT/OUTPUT SYSTEM (BIOS)
**************************************************************************
Determine if your system BIOS provides the appropriate drive tables for
integration of your ESDI drive into your AT system. If it does not, you require
the optional WD1007V BIOS. In order to properly install your ESDI drive, your
system must have drive tables whose parameters match those of your drive. The
drive tables specify the number of cylinders, heads, and sectors per track
(SPT). It is often difficult to match the drive and the drive table exactly.
When integrating an ESDI hard disk drive into your system, the number of
sectors per track is the most important parameter to match. Most system BIOS
ROMS support only the older MFM/ST506 drives that have 17 sectors per track.
The ESDI disk drive typically has 34 or more sectors per track.
In terms of maximum flexibility and adaptability with different drives, Western
Digital recommends that you use the WD1007V BIOS. ESDI drives have the ability
to present actual drive characteristics to the controller. The optional WD1007V
BIOS ROM reads the ESDI information and generates the appropriate drive table.
If you are installing a hard drive in your system and you wish to determine if
your system's BIOS is adequate for configuration of your drive, use one of the
following two methods to examine your system's BIOS:
1. Use your system's set-up program
2. Use the debug utility to examine the AT BIOS
Note
If your system is not operational or this is an initial setup of your
system's hardware, then you will not be able to use these methods to
examine your system BIOS. If you are unable to determine whether your
system BIOS is adequate, then you need the WD1007V with the optional BIOS
ROM.
Using your system's setup program
To determine if a system BIOS has the physical drive parameters required for
your ESDI drive, refer to the appropriate manual for information about your
setup utility, i.e., MS-DOS Users Guide, Advanced Diagnostics Guide, system
BIOS guide, or user guide for other operating system. This utility can provide
you with information about the drive types your system supports. If your drive
tables do not support more than 17 sectors per track, we recommend that you use
the optional WD1007V BIOS. The WD1007V BIOS provides translation schemes to
fully utilize the capacity of your drive.
Using the DOS Debug Utility to examine the AT BIOS
Use the DOS Debug Utility to examine the system parameter tables to see if the
drive is listed in the AT BIOS.
1. Place your DOS system diskette in Drive A and boot your system.
2. At the prompt (A:\>) type:
debug and press the ENTER key
Although some systems locate drive parameters in other locations, the standard
location in the AT BIOS is F000:E401. The proper command at the Debug prompt
(-) is as follows:
df000:E401 and press the ENTER key
This corresponds to drive types 1 through 8 and will display eight lines of
data from the BIOS ROM. By entering another "d" at the debug prompt, another
eight lines of data will be displayed, corresponding to drive types 9 through
16. Continue this procedure until all drive parameter information for all drive
types is displayed. If your drive's parameters are encountered in this process,
the system BIOS recognizes your particular drive.
Each parameter table has 16 bytes of data. Data from the BIOS ROM is displayed
in hexadecimal, least significant byte first. This data breaks down as follows:
Bytes 1 and 2 Number of Cylinders
Byte 3 Number of Heads
Bytes 4 & 5 Not Used
Bytes 6 & 7 Write Precompensation Cylinder
Byte 8 Not Used
Byte 9 Control Byte (=08H for 8 heads)
Byte 10-12 Not Used
Bytes 13 & 14 Landing Zone 3
Byte 15 Sectors per Track
Byte 16 Not Used
**************************************************************************
IDENTIFY BOARD
**************************************************************************
You have the following controller board choices:
Install the 1007V-SE1:
If you are installing a hard drive and your floppy controller
is on the motherboard or you currently have a separate floppy controller.
Install the 1007V-SE2:
If you are installing a hard drive(s) and a floppy drive(s)
for the first time (there is no floppy controller on the motherboard)
or you wish to replace your current controller(s). You must remove
or disable any other controller in your system.
**************************************************************************
IDENTIFY DRIVE
**************************************************************************
The 1007V-SE1/SE2 controller supports two ESDI drives each having sixteen heads
and 2048 cylinders.
The 1007V-SE2 additionally supports two floppy disk drives (5.25 inch or 3.5
inch with single density, double density, and high density formats).
**************************************************************************
UNPACKING THE CONTROLLER BOARD
**************************************************************************
CAUTION
Hold the controller board by the ends. Static electrical discharge can
permanently damage components if the board is not carefully handled.
Remove the controller board from its antistatic pouch and inspect it for any
visible signs of damage (scratches, loose components, broken connectors).
Contact your Western Digital sales representative if there is damage.
Retain any packing materials for reuse if it becomes necessary to return your
controller.
2
HOW TO CONFIGURE AND INSTALL YOUR HARDWARE
**************************************************************************
HARD DISK DRIVE CONFIGURATION
**************************************************************************
Your hard disk drive has jumpers, switches or termination resistors that must
be configured before you install the drive in your computer system. Before
proceeding with the installation of your controller card, make certain your
drive(s) is properly configured and physically installed according to the
manufacturer's instructions.
Verify proper termination of the last hard disk drive. The last drive
(and only the last drive) in your system requires a termination resistor.
Verify proper setting of drive select switches on your hard drive, if
necessary. Your hard drive must be configured to support the hard sector
mode.
**************************************************************************
1007V JUMPER CONFIGURATION
**************************************************************************
┌──LED───Drive1──Drive0─Control──Floppy──────┐
│ J6───┐ J3───┐ J4───┐ J5─────┐ J1─────┐ │
│ └───┘ └────┘ └────┘ └──────┘ └──────┘ │
│ . .W5 │
│ 2......12 . │
│ 1......11 .W3 │
│ W1 │
│ . .W12 │
│ . .W6 │
│ │
│ WD1007V-SE2 . .W9 │
└───────┐ P2 ┌─┐ P1 ┌───┘
└┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┘ └┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┴┘
FIGURE 2-1. WD1007V-SE2
Before you install the WD1007V, verify that the controller's jumpers (small
shorting plugs) are properly set to reflect your configuration choices.
Modification of the standard factory settings on the controller is rarely
necessary. Modify the jumpers only under the direction of a qualified
individual, i.e., your dealer. Figure 2-1 illustrates the jumper locations on
the WD1007V-SE2 controller board. Figures 2-2 and 2-3 illustrate the jumper
default settings for the WD1007V-SE2. Note that if you have the WD1007V-SE1
version (hard disk only), jumpers W5 and W6 are not used.
W1 Jumper Connections
Module jumper W1 selects the firmware options illustrated in Figure 2-2 when no
jumpers are installed. If you are merely replacing a WD1007A controller with a
WD1007V controller and you do not wish to reformat your currently installed
drive(s), you may elect to emulate the 1007A mode by installing jumpers on W1 9-
10 and W1 11-12.
W1 1-2: When a jumper is installed, no cacheing occurs.
When no jumper is installed, cacheing is enabled. Cacheing increases overall
system performance by reading ahead and buffering data sectors likely to be
requested by the host on subsequent read commands.
W1 3-4: When a jumper is installed, the host receives seven bytes of error
correction code (ECC) during Read Long and Write Long operations.
When no jumper is installed, four byte ECC mode is selected. When using four
byte ECC mode, three ECC bytes are temporarily saved until the next command or
data transfer occurs.
W1 5-6: When a jumper is installed, no disk address translation occurs. The
controller assumes that logical values indicated by the Set Parameters command
are the true physical values of the drive.
Without a jumper, logical-to-physical translation occurs. The generic
translation algorithm adapts any logical format to the physical format of the
drive. However, the maximum logical parameters for INT 13 are 63 SPT, 16 heads
and 1024 cylinders. See "Translation" in the Appendix for further explanation.
W1 7-8: This is reserved for future use. No jumper is installed.
W1 9-10: When a jumper is installed, it forces the drive to 35 SPT by issuing a
Set Unformatted Bytes per Sector command to the drive. This overrides the
drive's switches which select the SPT value. This jumper has no effect on
drives having data transfer rates of 15 Mbits per second.
Without a jumper, the controller uses the physical SPT value presented by the
drive ( as determined by the drive's jumper settings).
W1 11-12: When a jumper is installed, an alternate sector per track is
provided. The alternate sector is useful when deallocating media defects.
Mapping out media defects is important if you have an operating system which
can accommodate only a certain number of errors. If you choose to format an
alternate SPT for deallocation of media defects, you will not have access to
the full capacity of your drive. This feature is explained further in the
Appendix.
W3 Jumper Connection.
The 1007V BIOS resides at the absolute address of CC000-CFFFF or, if you are
using "segment:offset" addressing, it resides at CC00:0000 to CC00:3FFF
(CF00:0FFF). The overlay RAM occupies 256 bytes of the BIOS address range and
is enabled following any memory write access to the address range. To disable
the installed BIOS option, place a jumper on W3 1-2.
W5 Jumper Connection.
Without a jumper on W5 1-2, the WD1007V supports single-speed floppy drives.
When jumpered, dual-speed floppy drives are supported.
W6 and W12 Jumper Connection.
To select the module's secondary address ranges, install jumpers on W6 1-2
(floppy drives ) and W12 1-2 (fixed drives). The primary address ranges of 1F0-
1F7 and 3F2-3F7 are selected when jumpers are not installed.
Primary Address Ranges Secondary Address Ranges
Hard drives: 1F0-1F7 170-177
Floppy drives: 3F2-3F7 372-377
W9 Jumper Connection.
Installing a jumper on W9 allows the user to ground the module's mounting
bracket to board logic ground. This jumper is not normally installed.
**************************************************************************
INSTALLATION OF THE WD1007V
**************************************************************************
CAUTION
To avoid electrical shock, make sure that all power to your computer is
off and the power cord is disconnected from the electrical source.
1. Remove the power cord from the computer. If you remove any cables,
note their location (for easy reassembly).
2. Remove the cover of the computer according to the instructions
in your Owner's Manual.
3. Install your hard drive(s) and floppy drive(s) according
to the manufacturer's instructions. Refer to your Owner's Manual for
information about proper drive termination and select switches. Be
certain there is a termination resistor on the last hard drive in
your system.
4. Remove or disable any other controller in your system if
you are installing the WD1007V-SE2. If you have a controller on your
motherboard, disable it according to the manufacturer's instructions.
5. Select any 16-bit expansion slot and remove the blank expansion slot
cover. It is best to locate the controller in the closest
available expansion slot relative to the drive. Put the expansion
slot cover away and save it for possible future use. Retain the screw
to hold the controller board in place.
6. Connect the hard drive(s) to the controller board by following
these steps:
CAUTION
When routing the cables, be careful not to pinch them. Cables must not
get caught between the cover and the boards nor should they obstruct any
air flow path from fans or vents.
Do not confuse the hard drive's control cable with
the cable for the floppy drives. They are not interchangeable.
a. Connect the 34-pin control cable to J5 connector on the controller. Match
the keyed connectors. Keyed connectors prevent accidental reversal of the
cables which can cause severe damage to the drive and the controller.
b. Connect the control cable to the hard disk drive(s). The daisy chain
control cable has three connectors. If you have a second drive, plug the
middle connector into the back of the second drive. The shorter length of
the cable connects the drives: the longer length connects the drives to
the controller card.
c. Attach a 20-pin data cable to J4 connector on the controller.
d. If you have a second hard disk drive, attach the second 20-pin data cable
to J3 connector on the controller.
e. Connect the data cable(s) to the hard disk drive(s). J4's cable connects
to Drive 0: J3's cable connects to Drive 1.
Note
Your system will identify Drive 0 as Drive C: Subsequent drives or
partitions are identified as D:, E:, F:, etc.
7. Connect the floppy drive(s) to the controller board by following these
steps:
a. Attach the 34-pin floppy cable to J1 connector.
b. Connect the daisy-chain cable to the back(s) of the floppy drive(s). The
daisy chain cable has three connectors. If you have a second drive, plug
the middle connector into the back of the second drive. The shorter length
of the cable connects the drives: the longer length connects the drives to
the controller card.
8. Attach the Winchester activity LED connector to J6.
9. Carefully slide the controller board into the expansion slot. Ensure that
the board is seated properly by pressing down evenly on both ends of the
board. Secure the board with the expansion cover screw.
10. Replace computer cover.
11. Reattach all cables and power cords to the back panel of the system.
The hardware installation is now complete. Follow the instructions
for system setup.
**************************************************************************
INITIAL SETUP
**************************************************************************
Your setup utility performs numerous tasks that are essential to the definition
of your system. Whether this is an initial setup or a change to your existing
system, you need to run the setup utility to tell the system what types of
hardware are installed.
Follow the instructions in your operating system manual (MS-DOS or other
operating system), system BIOS manual or whatever means your particular system
uses to perform an initial setup. If later you experience problems with any
hardware device, be sure to check your system setup. You may have incorrectly
defined a device or not identified it at all.